Economic alliances in Europe
Europe consists of 50 recognised sovereign states, most of which are members of one or more legal or trade associations, cooperations or unions. The aim of these organisations is to make it easier for member states and their citizens to travel and trade with each other; for instance, customs checks are more lenient, or persons can travel and stay in each other's countries. The Netherlands is a member of the following bodies:
The Benelux (in Dutch) consists of the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. It was founded in 1958 as a means to promote cooperation between the member states.
The European Union (EU) has 27 member states. It was founded in 1951 to promote economic cooperation between the member states. Between the member states, free traffic of goods, services, persons and work exists. The EU operates on a great number of topics. Its currency, the Euro (€), is legal tender in the Eurozone. The Netherlands is also a member of the EU Taxation and Customs Union, the division that enables free trade of goods within the EU.
The Schengen area comprises most EEA members (minus Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Ireland, and Romania), plus Switzerland. It is an area within which citizens, many non-EU nationals, business people and tourists can freely circulate without being subjected to border checks.
The European Economic Area (EEA): this consists of all EU countries and of Liechtenstein, Iceland and Norway.
The Council of Europe was founded in 1949. With 47 member states, it is Europe's leading human rights organisation.
The EU also has a monetary agreement with the states Monaco, Andorra, San Marino and Vatican City, meaning the Euro can be used as legal tender in those states.
Other alliances
The organisations mentioned above are the ones the Netherlands are part of. These are the European alliances the Netherlands does not participate in: